EFIKASI EKSUDAT TANAMAN KENCUR TERHADAP Ganoderma boninense PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG KELAPA SAWIT

Abstract

Basal stem rot (BSR), caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense, poses a significant threat to oil palm productivity. This study aims to measure the antifungal efficacy of galanga rhizome exudate (Kaempferia galanga) against G. boninense and to investigate the underlying mechanisms of growth inhibition. An in vitro inhibition test was conducted using two samples of kencur exudate, KCRk2 and KCRk3 at concentrations of 0% (control), 1.25%, 5%, and 20%, arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications. Observation parameters included daily fungal colony diameter (mm), percentage of mycelium growth inhibition calculated, tannin color change, EC, and pH. The results showed significant antifungal activity; notably, at a concentration of 1.25%, KCRk2 and KCRk3 achieved inhibition rates of 30.9% and 35.18%, respectively. The inhibition process was marked by clear medium color changes and increased electrolyte leakage, providing evidence that the exudate disrupts the fungal plasma membrane integrity. These findings indicate that the rhizome exudate of kencur is a potent natural agent with promising applications for sustainable BSR management in oil palm plantations